Simple Present Tense
The simple present tense is the one which we use when an action is happening right now, or when it happens regularly (or unceasingly, which is why it’s sometimes called present indefinite). The simple present tense is formed by using the root form or by adding ‑s or ‑es to the end, depending on the person.
examples of simple present tense
In the form of sentence (+)
1. She does speak English well.
2. We Work Everyday.
3. I Love my new pets.
4. The books are usually kept by Deby.
5. She drinks coffe.
2. We Work Everyday.
3. I Love my new pets.
4. The books are usually kept by Deby.
5. She drinks coffe.
In the form of sentence (-)
1. She does not speak English well.
2. We do not work Everyday.
3. I do love my new pets.
4. The Books Are not usually kept by Deby.
5. She does not drink coffee.
2. We do not work Everyday.
3. I do love my new pets.
4. The Books Are not usually kept by Deby.
5. She does not drink coffee.
In sentence form interrogative (?)
1. Does she speak English well?
2. Do you work Everyday?
3. Do you love my new pets?
4. Are the books usually kept by Deby?
5. Does she drink coffee?
2. Do you work Everyday?
3. Do you love my new pets?
4. Are the books usually kept by Deby?
5. Does she drink coffee?
Present Continuous Tense
The Present Continuous is mainly used to express the idea that something is happening at the moment of speaking. The Present Continuous also describes activities generally in progress (not at the moment). Another use of the tense is to talk about temporary actions or future plans.
example for Present continuous Tense
- I'm meeting my mother at the airport tomorrow.
- Our grandmother is visiting us at Christmas.
- Sorry, I can't stay after school today; I'm playing tennis with Jun-Sik.
- My mother's going to the dentist tomorrow.
- I'm not going home at Christmas, so I can come to your party after all!
- Are you doing anything on Sunday morning?
- Do you know if he is going to the dance with Maiko next week
Simple Past Tense
The simple past tense is used to describe a completed activity that happened in the past. In other words, it started in the past and ended in the past.
example for simple past tense
- They weren't in Rio last summer.
- We didn't have any money.
- We didn't have time to visit the Eiffel Tower.
- We didn't do our exercises this morning.
- Were they in Iceland last January?
- Did you have a bicycle when you were young?
- Did you do much climbing in Switzerland?
Past Continuous Tense
It is used to express a continued or ongoing action in past, an ongoing action which occurred in past and completed at some point in past. It expresses an ongoing nature of an action in past. For example, “he was laughing.” This sentence shows ongoing action (laughing) of a person which occurred in past. Past continuous tense is also called past progressive.
example of Past Continuous Tense
- You phoned while I was having a bath.
- When I got home yesterday, a cat was sitting on the roof.
- It started to rain just as we were getting ready to have our picnic.
- The boy was standing on the table when the principal came into the room.
- Many people were shopping in the market when the bomb exploded.
- I saw Noriko in town yesterday. She was wearing a pink dress and an orange hat!
What is subject verb agreement?
Subject verb agreement refers to the fact that the subject and verb in a sentence must agree in number. In other words, they both must be singular or they both must be plural. You can’t have a singular subject with a plural verb or vice versa. The tricky part is in knowing the singular and plural forms of subjects and verbs.
Singular and plural subjects, or nouns, are usually pretty easy. In most cases the plural form of a noun has an “s” at the end. Like this:
Car – singular
Cars – plural
Verbs don’t follow this pattern, though. Adding an “s” to a verb doesn’t make a plural. Here’s what I mean:
Walk
Walks
Which one is the singular form and which is the plural form? Here’s a tip for you. Ask yourself which would you use with the word they and which would you use with he or she.
He walks.
She walks.
They walk.
Examples of correct subject-verb agreement:
1) He runs four miles every day. (singular subject; singular verb)
2) They ride the school bus in the afternoon. (plural subject; plural verb)
3) Few of the children are here today. (plural)
4) Some of the money is missing. (singular-money is singular)
5) None of the marbles have rolled out of the circle. (plural-marbles is plural)
6) One of the nails is sticking out. (one is singular)
7) The scissors are on the table. (plural)
8) Katie or three girls walk to the office. (girls is closer, so verb is plural)
9) Is mumps caused by a virus? (singular)
10) Neither the tray nor the cups were put away. (cups is closer, so verb is plural)
A List of Pronouns of Different Types
The following list of pronouns gives you a description of the various types of pronouns along with examples for each type
Kind Of Pronoun
A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun in a sentence. Pronouns are used so that our language is not cumbersome with the same nouns being repeated over and over in a paragraph. Some examples of pronouns include I, me, mine, myself, she, her, hers, herself,we, us, ours and ourselves. You may have noticed that they tend to come in sets of four, all referring to the same person, group or thing.
Personal pronouns can also be objective, where they are the object of a verb, preposition, or infinitive phrase. They are: me, her, him, it, you, them, and us. Example: “David gave the gift to her.”
Possession can be shown by personal pronouns, like: mine, his, hers, ours, yours, its, andtheirs. Example: “Is this mine or yours?”
A good test to decide which one you need is to try the sentence with one pronoun at a time. Would you say, "Me had a fight?" Of course not. You'd say, "I had a fight." What about, "Him had a fight?" No, you'd say, "He had a fight." So when you put the two subjects together, you get, "He and I had a fight." The same rule applies to the other example.
Possessive pronouns, on the other hand – mine, yours, ours, theirs, his, hers, its – are truly pronouns because they refer to a previously named or understood noun. They stand alone, not followed by any other noun. For comparison's sake, look at this sentence:
Your is followed by the noun, vices, so although we know that your refers to you, it is not the noun or the noun substitute (pronoun). Vices is the noun. In the second half of the sentence, however, the noun and the possessive adjective have both been replaced with one word – the pronoun, mine. Because it stands in the place of the noun, mine is a true pronoun whereas your is an adjective that must be followed by a noun.
- He, him, his and himself, for example, all refer to a male person or something belonging to him
- They, them, theirs and themselves all refer to a group or something belonging to a group, and so on.
Personal Pronouns
Personal pronouns can be the subject of a clause or sentence. They are: I, he, she, it, they, we, and you. Example: “They went to the store.”Personal pronouns can also be objective, where they are the object of a verb, preposition, or infinitive phrase. They are: me, her, him, it, you, them, and us. Example: “David gave the gift to her.”
Possession can be shown by personal pronouns, like: mine, his, hers, ours, yours, its, andtheirs. Example: “Is this mine or yours?”
Subject Pronouns
Subject pronouns are often (but not always) found at the beginning of a sentence. More precisely, the subject of a sentence is the person or thing that lives out the verb.- I owe that person $3,000. – I am living out that debt. I is the subject pronoun.
- He and I had a fight. – This sentence has two subjects because he and I were both involved in the fight.
- He broke my kneecaps. – You get the idea.
- To him, I must now pay my children's college funds. – If you'll notice, the verb in this sentence – the action – is "pay." Although I is not at the beginning of the sentence, it is the person living out the action and is, therefore, the subject.
Object Pronouns
By contrast, objects and object pronouns indicate the recipient of an action or motion. They come after verbs and prepositions (to, with, for, at, on, beside, under, around, etc.).- The guy I borrowed money from showed me a crowbar and told me to pay himimmediately.
- I begged him for more time.
- He said he'd given me enough time already.
- I tried to dodge the crowbar, but he hit me with it anyway.
- Just then, the police arrived and arrested us.
Subject vs. Object Pronouns
There is often confusion over which pronouns you should use when you are one half of a dual subject or object. For example, should you say:- "Me and him had a fight." or "He and I had a fight?"
- "The police arrested me and him." or "The police arrested he and I?"
A good test to decide which one you need is to try the sentence with one pronoun at a time. Would you say, "Me had a fight?" Of course not. You'd say, "I had a fight." What about, "Him had a fight?" No, you'd say, "He had a fight." So when you put the two subjects together, you get, "He and I had a fight." The same rule applies to the other example.
- You wouldn't say, "The police arrested he," or, "The police arrested I."
- You would use "him" and "me."
Possessive Adjectives vs. Possessive Pronouns
Pronominal possessive adjectives include the following: my, your, our, their, his, her and its. They are sort of pronouns in that they refer to an understood noun, showing possession by that noun of something. They are technically adjectives, though, because they modify a noun that follows them.- My money is all gone.
- I gambled it all away on your race horse.
- His jockey was too fat.
Possessive pronouns, on the other hand – mine, yours, ours, theirs, his, hers, its – are truly pronouns because they refer to a previously named or understood noun. They stand alone, not followed by any other noun. For comparison's sake, look at this sentence:
- You have your vices, and I have mine.
Your is followed by the noun, vices, so although we know that your refers to you, it is not the noun or the noun substitute (pronoun). Vices is the noun. In the second half of the sentence, however, the noun and the possessive adjective have both been replaced with one word – the pronoun, mine. Because it stands in the place of the noun, mine is a true pronoun whereas your is an adjective that must be followed by a noun.
Indefinite Pronouns
These pronouns do not point to any particular nouns, but refer to things or people in general. Some of them are: few, everyone, all, some, anything, and nobody. Example: “Everyone is already here.”Relative Pronouns
These pronouns are used to connect a clause or phrase to a noun or pronoun. These are:who, whom, which, whoever, whomever, whichever, and that. Example: “The driver who ran the stop sign was careless.”Relative Pronouns
"Relative" means "connected with something."Relative pronouns are pronouns that link different parts of a sentence.
The relative pronouns are: who, whom, whose, which, that, what, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever.
Intensive Pronouns
These pronouns are used to emphasize a noun or pronoun. These are: myself, himself, herself, themselves, itself, yourself, yourselves, and ourselves. Example: “He himself is his worst critic.”Intensive Pronouns
"Intensive" means "giving force or emphasis."An intensive pronoun is a pronoun used for emphasis. In other words, intensive pronouns emphasize the subject of the sentence. They are written exactly the same way as the reflexive pronouns, but their function is different.
Demonstrative Pronouns
There are five demonstrative pronouns: these, those, this, that, and such. They focus attention on the nouns that are replacing. Examples: “Such was his understanding.” “Those are totally awesome.”
Demonstrative Pronouns
"Demonstrative" means "showing, making something clear."
Demonstrative pronouns point to things.
The demonstrative pronouns are: this, that, these, those.
Use "this" and "these" to talk about things that are near in space or in time.
Use "that" and "those" to talk about things that are farther away in space or time
Interrogative Pronouns
These pronouns are used to begin a question: who, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, and whatever. Example: “Who will you bring to the party?”Interrogative Pronouns
"Interrogative" means "used in questions."Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions.
The interrogative pronouns are: who, whom, which, what, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever, whomever.
- Use "who" and "whom" to talk about people.
- Use "which" and "what" to talk about animals and things.
Reflexive Pronouns
There is one more type of pronoun, and that is the reflexive pronoun. These are the ones that end in “self” or "selves." They are object pronouns that we use when the subject and the object are the same noun.- I told myself not to bet all my money on one horse.
- The robber hurt himself chasing me through the alley.
- Usually, the guy I borrowed the money from will send an employee to collect the money, but since I owed so much, he himself came to my house.
Reflexive Pronouns
"Reflexive" means "going back to itself."
Reflexive pronouns show that the action affects the person who performs the action. Reflexive pronouns end in "-self" (singular) or "-selves" (plural).
The reflexive pronouns are: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves
sumber
http://www.english-language-grammar-guide.com/list-of-pronouns.html
http://www.really-learn-english.com/english-pronouns.html
http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-pronouns-types-examples-definition.html
http://www.edufind.com/english-grammar/simple-past-tense/
http://www.studyandexam.com/past-continuous-tense.html
